Nutritional Ketosis Alters Fuel Preference and Thereby Endurance Performance in Athletes: Cell Metabolism

https://www.cell.com/cell-metabolism/fulltext/S1550-4131(16)30355-2



"In five separate studies of 39 high-performance athletes, we show how this unique metabolic state improves physical endurance by altering fuel competition for oxidative respiration."



DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2016.07.010

Ketone Bodies as a Therapeutic Strategy for Heart Failure: Biophysical Journal

https://www.cell.com/biophysj/pdf/S0006-3495(18)31300-6.pdf


"Taken together, we conclude that the shift to ketone body oxidation in heart failure is adaptive and that strategies to increase myocardial ketone body delivery show promise for the treatment of heart failure."


DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2018.11.035

Nutrition and Health – The Association between Eating Behavior and Various Health Parameters: A Matched Sample Study

https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0088278&type=printable&fbclid=IwAR2UexAtdXJ7KMoygzSRzBbrblv5RNUPnX8g89KZTZqXQIq_k48PWujzR4w


"Moreover, our results showed that a vegetarian diet is associated with poorer health (higher incidences of cancer, allergies, and mental health disorders), a higher need for health care, and poorer quality of life."


Burkert NT, Muckenhuber J, Großscha¨dl F, Ra´sky E´, Freidl W (2014) Nutrition and Health – The Association between Eating Behavior and Various Health Parameters: A Matched Sample Study. PLoS ONE 9(2): e88278. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0088278

Effects of a low carbohydrate diet on energy expenditure during weight loss maintenance: randomized trial | The BMJ

https://www.bmj.com/content/363/bmj.k4583

Conclusions: Consistent with the carbohydrate-insulin model, lowering dietary carbohydrate increased energy expenditure during weight loss maintenance. This metabolic effect may improve the success of obesity treatment, especially among those with high insulin secretion.


Ebbeling, C. B., Feldman, H. A., Klein, G. L., Wong, J. M. W., Bielak, L., Steltz, S. K., Luoto, P. K., Wolfe, R. R., Wong, W. W. & Ludwig, D. S. (2018). Effects of a low carbohydrate diet on energy expenditure during weight loss maintenance: randomized trial. BMJ, 363.

Reduced Salt Intake for Heart Failure: A Systematic Review | Cardiology | JAMA Internal Medicine | JAMA Network

https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullarticle/2712563?guestAccessKey=0a69688c-1460-4f16-9415-a5cedc82b8d2&utm_source=silverchair&utm_campaign=jama_network&utm_content=weekly_highlights&cmp=1&utm_medium=email


"Conclusions and Relevance  Limited evidence of clinical improvement was available among outpatients who reduced dietary salt intake, and evidence was inconclusive for inpatients. Overall, a paucity of robust high-quality evidence to support or refute current guidance was available. This review suggests that well-designed, adequately powered studies are needed to reduce uncertainty about the use of this intervention."

Al-Mohammad  A, Mant  J.  The diagnosis and management of chronic heart failure: review following the publication of the NICE guidelines.  Heart. 2011;97(5):411-416. doi:10.1136/hrt.2010.214999

Effects of household washing on bacterial load and removal of Escherichia coli from lettuce and "ready-to-eat" salads. - PubMed - NCBI

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29188050


"Even after washing, the lettuce contained high levels of bacteria that in a high dose and under certain circumstances may constitute a health risk."

Uhlig, E., Olsson,
C., He, J., Stark, T., Sadowska, Z., Molin, G., Ahrne, S., Alsanius, B. &
Hakansson, A. (2017). Effects of household washing on bacterial load and
removal of Escherichia coli from lettuce and "ready-to-eat" salads. Food Sci Nutr, 5(6), ss. 1215-1220. DOI:10.1002/fsn3.514

Frontiers | The Hurdle Approach–A Holistic Concept for Controlling Food Safety Risks Associated With Pathogenic Bacterial Contamination of Leafy Green Vegetables. A Review | Microbiology

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2018.01965/full



"A concerning trend in recent years is disease outbreaks caused by various leafy vegetable crops and one of the most important foodborne pathogens in this context is Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC)"


Mogren, L.,

Windstam, S., Boqvist, S., Vågsholm, I., Söderqvist, K., Rosberg, A. K.,
LindГ©n, J., Mulaosmanovic, E., Karlsson, M., Uhlig, E., HГҐkansson, Г. s.
& Alsanius, B. (2018). The Hurdle Approach–A Holistic Concept for
Controlling Food Safety Risks Associated With Pathogenic Bacterial
Contamination of Leafy Green Vegetables. A Review. Frontiers in Microbiology, 9(1965). DOI:10.3389/fmicb.2018.01965

Research Uncovers How Commensal Bacteria Contribute to Multiple Sclerosis | Demyelinating Disorders | JAMA | JAMA Network

https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2695647?guestAccessKey=b3c0e1a2-d206-4df0-8bce-2d938a392652



"These findings suggest inhibitors of VEGF-B–FLT-1 signaling or agonists of TGF-α–ErbB1 signaling may represent promising anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective therapies for MS and possibly other neurodegenerative diseases. Diets that promote anti-inflammatory pathways could be a noninvasive approach to treating brain inflammation"



Hampton T. Research Uncovers How Commensal Bacteria Contribute to Multiple Sclerosis. JAMA. 2018;320(5):429–430. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.12863

Consumption of ultra-processed foods and cancer risk: results from NutriNet-Santé prospective cohort | The BMJ

http://www.bmj.com/content/360/bmj.k322

"Conclusions In this large prospective study, a 10%
increase in the proportion of ultra-processed foods in the diet was
associated with a significant increase of greater than 10% in risks of
overall and breast cancer (Fiolet et al. 2018)."

Fiolet, T., Srour,
B., Sellem, L., Kesse-Guyot, E., Alles, B., Mejean, C., Deschasaux, M.,
Fassier, P., Latino-Martel, P., Beslay, M., Hercberg, S., Lavalette, C.,
Monteiro, C. A., Julia, C. & Touvier, M. (2018). Consumption of
ultra-processed foods and cancer risk: results from NutriNet-Sante prospective
cohort. BMJ, 360, s. k322. DOI:10.1136/bmj.k322

High-Fat and Ketogenic Diets in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4438106/


"In summary, there are strong epidemiologic data showing that malnutrition is a common symptom of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis both in humans and in mice and may contribute to disease progression. There is also epidemiologic evidence that increased dietary fat and cholesterol intake might reduce the risk of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and the rate disease progression. Finally, data from animal studies strongly suggest that increasing dietary intake of fat ameliorates disease progression (Paganoni & Wills
2013)."

Paganoni, S. & Wills, A. M. (2013). High-fat and ketogenic diets in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J Child Neurol, 28(8), ss. 989-992.
DOI:10.1177/0883073813488669

Alternative Fuels in Epilepsy and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27868154


"In both epilepsy and ALS, there are defects in glucose uptake and reduced tricarboxylic acid
(TCA) cycling, at least in part due to reduced amounts of C4 TCA cycle intermediates. In addition there are impairments in glycolysis in ALS. A reduction in glucose uptake can be addressed by providing the brain with alternative fuels, such as ketones or medium-chain triglycerides (Tefera et al. 2017)."


Alternative Fuels in Epilepsy and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. - PubMed - NCBI: Neurochem Res. 2017 Jun;42(6):1610-1620. doi: 10.1007/s11064-016-2106-7. Epub 2016 Nov 21.

Can ketogenic diet slow progression of ALS? - The Lancet Neurology

http://www.thelancet.com/pdfs/journals/laneur/PIIS1474-4422(06)70462-8.pdf


"For the first time, researchers have shown that diet can alter the
progression of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in a mouse model of
the disease (Siva 2006)."


Can ketogenic diet slow progression of ALS?
Siva, Nayanah
The Lancet Neurology , Volume 5 , Issue 6 , 476

Saturated fat does not clog the arteries: coronary heart disease is a chronic inflammatory condition, the risk of which can be effectively reduced from healthy lifestyle interventions | British Journal of Sports Medicine

http://bjsm.bmj.com/content/51/15/1111



"Coronary artery disease pathogenesis and treatment urgently requires a paradigm shift. Despite popular belief among doctors and the public, the conceptual model of dietary saturated fat clogging a pipe is just plain wrong."

Malhotra A, Redberg RF, Meier P

Saturated fat does not clog the arteries: coronary heart disease is a chronic inflammatory condition, the risk of which can be effectively reduced from healthy lifestyle interventions

Br J Sports Med 2017;51:1111-1112

Evidence That Intermittent, Excessive Sugar Intake Causes Endogenous Opioid Dependence - Colantuoni - 2002 - Obesity - Wiley Online Library

http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1038/oby.2002.66/abstract;jsessionid=53655E300DCC6F52F425701CBE72C85E.f02t04


Discussion: Repeated, excessive intake of sugar created a state in which an opioid antagonist caused behavioral and neurochemical signs of opioid withdrawal. The indices of anxiety and DA/ACh imbalance were qualitatively similar to withdrawal from morphine or nicotine, suggesting that the rats had become sugar-dependent.


Colantuoni, C., Rada, P., McCarthy, J., Patten, C., Avena, N. M., Chadeayne, A. and Hoebel, B. G. (2002), Evidence That Intermittent, Excessive Sugar Intake Causes Endogenous Opioid Dependence. Obesity Research, 10: 478–488. doi:10.1038/oby.2002.66